The DAF XF280M engine is a water-cooled, 6-cylinder in-line, 4-stroke diesel engine with 4 valves per cylinder and an intercooled turbocharger. The main difference from its counterparts is that the XF series uses an in-line injection pump (injection pump). It should be noted that the injection and intercooler was developed by DAF on the basis of the previous generation diesel engine.
All DAF engines are highly fuel efficient: at 1200 rpm, the 380 hp engine has a fuel consumption of 196 g / kWh. In addition, DAF diesels are quite unpretentious in terms of fuel quality, which is very important for domestic operating conditions. The engine is equipped with an in-line mechanical high pressure fuel pump with excellent performance.
Specifications
| Manufacturer | DAF |
| Also called | XF 280 M |
| Configuration | 4 Stroke Water Cooled Diesel Engine |
| Number of cylinders | 6 |
| Piston stroke, mm | 158 |
| Cylinder bore, mm | 130 |
| Displacement, cc | 12580 |
| Power output, hp | 381 |
| Torque output, Nm / rpm | 1750 |
| Euro standards | Euro 2 |
| Weight, kg | 1050 |
- Thermostat housing
- Water pump
- Air conditioning compressor
- Fan drive
- Vibration damper
- Pneumatic compressor
- Oil cooler
- Turbocharger
- Centrifugal filter
- Oil filler neck
- Steering pump
- Fuel pump drive housing
- Fuel pump
- Oil filter
- Engine brake valve
- Starter
- Engine data plate
- Fuel filter
- Cooling system filter
- Coolant line
- Intake manifold
- Glow relay
- Generator
There are some peculiarities of operation of the DAF XF280M engine. Namely, it is believed that you should not stop the engine immediately after stopping the car, since it is very thermally loaded and the coolant can seep through the head gasket. It follows from this that it is better to give the engine a little time to idle, and this will also prolong the operating period of the turbocharger. Pay particular attention to weak points in the engine, such as leaking crankshaft oil seals and pump drive.
Roller pushers of the rods are also considered a problem place for these engines. So, with half a million runs, the roller axis breaks holes in the pusher eyes, which leads to skewing of the roller, its jamming and, as a result, sawing the groove on the camshaft cam. There is only one way out – the advance replacement of the pushers.
Loss of engine power
There can be several reasons for insufficient engine thrust. The main ones and ways to eliminate them:
| Possible Cause | Remedy |
| Inappropriate fuel priming pump performance | Check fuel pump pressure |
| Fuel priming pump banjo bolt strainer clogged | Check for clogged strainer |
| Water in the fuel system | Check water separator |
| Fuel filter silting | Replace the fuel filter with a new one |
| Incorrect or clogged fuel injectors installed | Check the correspondence of the installed injectors. Clean dirty nozzles and refit. |
| Incorrect injection timing or incorrect high pressure fuel pump settings | Check injection timing and / or fuel pump settings. |
| Compression too low in the engine cylinders | Check cylinder compression |
| Air in the fuel system | Bleed fuel system |
| High pressure fuel lines damaged | Check high pressure fuel lines (replace if necessary) |
| Clogged fuel tank breather | Check / clean breather |
| Clogged air filter | Clean or replace air filter element |
| Blocked air supply from turbocharger to intake manifold | Check air duct (clean if necessary) |
| Depressurization of the intake system in the boost area | Check engine intake for leaks |
| Discharge part of turbocharger dirty | Clean the discharge section with a mild cleaning agent or a soft brush. Check inlet side for carbon deposits or other contamination. |
| Blocked exhaust manifold, exhaust muffler, exhaust pipe. Malfunction of the exhaust system. | Check engine exhaust system. Clean if necessary |
| Exhaust gas leaks between exhaust manifold and cylinder head | Check mounting bolts and gaskets |
| Incorrect installation or damage to the wastegate | Check setting and status of wastegate |
| Damaged turbocharger | Replace turbocharger |
| Incorrect setting of valve clearances | Check valve clearances. Adjust if necessary |
| Incorrect DEB installation | Check DEB backlash. Adjust if necessary |
| DEB won’t shutdown | Check DEB function |
| Clogged air filter | Clean with compressed air or replace air filter element |
| Air leaks between intake manifold and cylinder head | Check tightness. If you need to replace the gasket with a new one |
| Malfunction of the cooling system | Check engine cooling system |
| Lubrication failure | Check engine lubrication system |
| Damaged valve springs | Check valve springs. Replace if necessary |
| Excessive piston-to-bore clearance | Check piston-to-cylinder clearance |
| Turning the crankshaft or crankshaft bearing pads | Check crankshaft bearing shells. Eliminate the problem |
| Fuel System Malfunction | Check fuel system |
| Intake system malfunction | Check intake system |
| Mounting the pneumatic compressor, fan drive, air conditioning compressor | Check that the pneumatic compressor, fan drive, air conditioning compressor or other attachments are securely attached to the engine |
| Inappropriate tension or displacement of the V-belt | Check the tension and correct installation of the V-belts |
| Excessive water pump radial play | Check water pump radial play |
| Damaged fan or fan touching the radiator | Check fan and heatsink |
| Damaged or weakened engine mounts | Check the condition of the engine mounts |
| Excessive valve clearance | Adjust valve clearance |
| Damage to the valve train and / or tappets, rocker arms or their axles | Check valve train for damage |
| Damage to vibration damper | Check vibration damper for damage |
| Damage to pistons and / or cylinder liners | Check condition of pistons and cylinder liners |
| Timing gears | Check the timing gears for play and / or damage |
| Loose or destroyed flywheel or connecting bolts | Check condition of flywheel / connecting bolts |
Explanation of marking DAF XF280M
| XF | Extra Forte, heavy truck series (18-36 tons) |
| 280 | Engine power, kW – 280 |
| M | Upgraded |
